What are the 4 stages of mesothelioma
Very rare form of mesothelioma cancer, his name, a malignant tumor in the mesothelial tissues of the lungs and abdomen, caused by the inhalation of asbestos. Its rarity is one reason why so many people are not aware of this type of deadly disease.In fact, many people are dying of mesothelioma are diagnosed. Although there are now more than ever, awareness of the dangers of asbestos on health, there are many who have never heard of Mesothelioma and thus does not understand the nature, causes, signs and treatment. Even some doctors Mesothelioma is difficult to detect because the symptoms are similar to other diseases such as lung cancer and pneumonia. In addition, it takes decades for a patient was exposed to asbestos to develop Mesothelioma - fifty years at most.Who do not know mesothelioma is the biggest threat because it deters diagnosis and treatment. Person under treatment must know the different stages of cancer or the extent of the disease. Chances of recovery from mesothelioma, the type of treatment depends on the stage of the disease. There are basically two systems used for the start of pleural mesothelioma (lung): tnm brighan system and the system. Launch of these systems are also used in other types of cancers, but the first is common. There is no way to determine the origin stage peritoneal Mesothelioma cancer (abdominal), and the system uses tnm.There are three variables in the system tnm: tumor, lymph nodes and distant metastases. In the early stages of mesothelioma, the first stage the cells start malignant mesothelioma in order to multiply and one layer of the pleura. The pleura is the membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the wall of the chest cavity. However, there are some cases in which pericardium (membrane surrounding the heart) and diaphragm cover is currently exploited. In this case, the cancer is still in the early stage mesothelioma.In the second phase, the two layers of the pleura are already affected by Mesothelioma. Take note, however, that at this stage, only one side of the body affected. Pleura usually does not do much lubricating fluid that can expand and contract the lungs. The excess fluid is absorbed by blood and lymphatic vessels until there is a balance between the amount of fluid produced by and remove it. During the second stage Mesothelioma, fluid starts to take place between the membrane of the lungs and the membrane of the chest wall, resulting in pleural effusion. Increase in the volume of the liquid product of the causes of shortness of breath and chest pain. Mesothelioma of other cancer patients experience dry and persistent cough. The diagnosis of pleural effusion is due to chest X-ray.The third stage of mesothelioma means that the malignant cells that have already spread to the chest wall, lymph and one part of the chest. The patient may suffer from severe pain in the vicinity of the affected area. When not treated immediately, or when the Mesothelioma patient does not respond well to medication, and cancer has progressed to the fourth stage. The fourth stage is difficult due to mesothelioma, at this stage, entered the mesothelioma cells, blood and other organs of the body such as the liver, bones and brain. Lymph nodes on the other side of the chest can also be affected by Mesothelioma in stage IV.Brighan a starting point, on the other hand, determines whether the Mesothelioma can be surgically removed or not and whether the lymph nodes are affected or not. Mesothelioma in the first stage, the lymph nodes are not yet affected, and the patient can still recover through surgery. In the second stage, and surgery may still be executed, but some lymph nodes have already been infiltration of cancer cells. During the third stage, the heart and chest actually affected, and even surgery is no longer desirable. Lymph nodes at this stage, however, may or may not be affected. In the final stage, the fourth stage of mesothelioma, cancer cells have already made into the bloodstream and other parts of the body such as the heart, brain, bone and liver. In most cases, the patient has reached stage IV Mesothelioma only twenty-four to four months to live.
Stage I
Mesothelioma is present on one side of the chest only and isn’t growing into the chest wall.
Stage II
Mesothelioma invades the chest wall or involves the esophagus (food passage connecting the throat to the stomach), heart, or has grown into the pleura on the other side of the chest.. The lymph nodes in the chest may also be involved.
Stage III
Mesothelioma has grown through the diaphragm into the peritoneum (lining of the abdominal cavity) or has spread to lymph nodes beyond those in the chest.
Stage IV
Mesothelioma has spread through the bloodstream to other organs (metastases).
Another staging system has recently been developed by the International Mesothelioma Interest Group and adopted by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). This is a TNM system, similar to staging systems used for most other cancers. T stands for tumor (its size and how far it has spread to nearby organs), N stands for spread to lymph nodes and M is for metastasis (spread to distant organs). In TNM staging, information about the tumor, lymph nodes, and metastasis is combined in a process called stage grouping to assign a stage described by Roman numerals from I to IV. Major cancer centers are beginning to use this system instead of the Butchart staging because it more accurately depicts the extent of tumor.
Stage I
Mesothelioma involves either the right or left pleura lining the chest. It has only spread to the outer lining of the lung in, at most, a few small spots. It has not yet spread to the lymph nodes.
Stage II
Mesothelioma involves either the right or left pleura lining the chest and has spread from the lining of the chest into 1) the outer lining of the lung or 2) the diaphragm or 3) into the lung itself.
Stage III
Mesothelioma involves either the right or left pleura lining the chest and has spread into 1) the first layer of the chest wall, or 2) the fatty part of the mediastinum, or 3) a single place in the chest wall or 4) the outer covering layer of the heart or 5) lymph nodes anywhere in the same side of the chest.
Stage IV
Mesothelioma involves either the right or left pleura lining the chest and has spread 1) into the chest wall, either muscle or ribs, or 2) through the diaphragm, or 3) into any organ contained in the mediastinum (esophagus, trachea, thymus, blood vessels), or 4) into the spine, or 5) across to the pleura on the other side of the chest, or 6) through the heart lining or into the heart itself, or 7) into the brachial plexus (nerves leading to the arm), or 8) into lymph nodes outside that side of the chest, or 9) spread to other organs through the bloodstream.
Experts recommend that this staging system should be used instead of the original Butchart staging system
